1.0 Introduction
1.1 Project Background
A key element of the Healthy Forests Initiative announced by the White House in 2002 is the implementation of core components of the National Fire Plan Collaborative Approach for Reducing wildland Fire Risks to Communities and the Environment 10-Year Comprehensive Strategy. Federal agencies and Western State Governors adopted the Plan in the spring of 2002, in collaboration with County Commissioners, State Foresters, and tribal officials. The Plan calls for more active forest and rangeland management to reduce wildfire hazards in the wildland-urban interface.
The Healthy Forest Restoration Act (H.R. 1904) was signed into law in December of 2003. The Act creates provisions for expanding the activities outlined in the National Fire Plan. In this same year the Nevada Fire Safe Council received National Fire Plan funding through the Bureau of Land Management to conduct Community Risk/Hazard Assessments in communities at risk across Nevada. The communities to be assessed are among those named in the 2001 Federal Register list of communities within the vicinity of federal lands that are most vulnerable to wildfire threat in Nevada (66 FR 160). The list identifies Nevada communities adjacent to federal lands that are most vulnerable to wildfire threat in Nevada
Resource Concepts, Inc. (RCI), a Carson City consulting firm, was selected to conduct the Community Risk/Hazard Assessments. During 2004, the RCI Project Team inventoried over 250 communities in 17 Nevada counties to assess both the risk of ignition and the potential fire behavior hazard within the wildland-urban interface, places where homes and wildland meet. Procedures accepted by Nevada’s wildland fire agencies were used to reach consistent and objective evaluations of each community.
The specific goals of the Nevada Community Risk/Hazard Assessment Project are to:
- Assess the wildfire hazards present to each community on the Federal Register list of Communities At Risk in Nevada.
- Identify firefighting resource needs (equipment and infrastructure).
- Conduct fuel hazard mapping for high fuel hazard communities.
- Describe proposed risk and hazard mitigation projects in enough detail to aid communities in applying for future implementation funds.
- Distribute assessment results and proposed mitigation project descriptions to each county in a format that will be easily updated and useful for public meetings and other public education activities.
The community risk/hazard assessments were conducted systematically for each community. The RCI Project Teams observed and recorded the factors that significantly influence the risk of wildfire ignition along the wildland-urban interface and inventoried features that can have an influence on hazardous conditions in the event of a wildfire. Interviews with local fire agency and emergency response personnel were completed to assess the availability and capability of suppression resources and to identify opportunities for increased community preparedness. Descriptions of the existing fuel hazard and potential fire behavior is discussed for each community. Photo points and fuel hazard maps are presented for each community where the overall community hazard score is high or extreme.
The results of each community assessment are formatted to facilitate ease of reference and reproduction for individual communities. Each community is mapped and ignition risks, fire hazards, and recommended mitigation projects are described for each community. The recommendations are summarized in table form and presented in a separate map, if the proposed mitigation project can be graphically represented. These tools will aid local, state, and federal agencies in strategic planning, raising public awareness, and securing funding to implement risk and hazard reduction projects. Mitigating the risks and hazards identified by these assessments is not only crucial to the long term goals of the National Fire Plan, but also to the short and long term viability of Nevada communities, natural resources, infrastructures, and watersheds.
Numerous agencies and individuals were involved in the planning and implementation of this effort. Special thanks and acknowledgement is given to:
- Nevada Fire Safe Council (NFSC)
- Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
- Forest Service (FS)
- Natural Resource Conservation Services (NRCS)
- Nevada Division of Forestry (Nevada Division of Forestry)
- University of Nevada Cooperative Extension (UNCE)
- Nevada Association of Counties (NACO)
- Nevada’s Counties
- Fire Chiefs and firefighters statewide
1.2 Communities Assessed
Thirty-one communities within Washoe County were identified in the Federal Register (66 FR 160) as at risk and are included in this assessment:
- Anderson Acres
- Antelope Valley
- Cold Springs
- Empire
- Galena
- Gerlach
- Golden Valley
- Lemmon Valley
- Mogul (I-80 Corridor West)
- Mount Rose Corridor
- Nixon
- Palomino Valley
- Pleasant Valley
- Rancho Haven
- Red Rock
- Reno-Northwest
- Reno-Southeast
- Reno-Southwest
- Silver Knolls
- Spanish Springs
- Sparks
- Stead
- Steamboat
- Sun Valley
- Sutcliff
- Verdi
- Wadsworth
- Warm Springs Valley
- Washoe City
- Washoe Valley-East
- Washoe Valley-West
There may be additional rural areas or residential developments in Washoe County that were not included on the Federal Register list, and thus not included in the scope of this project. However, conditions in and around some of these communities may warrant future wildfire risk/hazard assessment, and many of the recommendations given for communities with similar conditions in this report may apply to additional areas.